Description:
ORIGINAL SUMMARY
This new disease has been known as early mortality syndrome and is now commonly referred to as acute hepatopancreatic degenerative necrotic syndrome (AHDNS). Mass mortailty of shrimp from AHDNA has been reported in China (2009), Vietnam (2010) and Malaysia (2011). In June 2011, provinces of the Mekong Delta suffered unprecedented losses with tiger shrimp in 40,000 hectares of farm area affected. Over 11,000 hectares of shrimp farms in Bac Lieu have been destroyed. In 6,200 hectares of shrimp farms in In Tra Vinh, about 330 million shrimp have died causing a loss of over VND12 billion. In Soc Trang, 20,000 out of 25,000 hectares of shrimp farms have been destroyed, causing VND1.5 trillion (US$75 million) in losses. Initial evidence led investigators to beleive the disease was caused from microsporidiosis of the hepatopancreas. Relavent reference in the scientific literature may be; Kasetsart J. (2009). The Effects of Microsporidian (Thelohania) Infection on the Growth and Histopathological Changes in Pond-reared Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Nat. Sci. 43: 680 – 688. These views maybe changing with the disease now possibly related to liver necrosis. In Mekong Delta of Vietnam, AHDNA has been associated with the use of pesticides.
UPDATE JULY 2013
Since the original summary report EMS has continued to cause significant losses in South East Asia. Articles appearing on the internet have been captured by AquaticHealth.net and most of the breaking stories are listed below. There are many more articles than those listed and these are available through our search the archive function. They can be retrieved by setting your preferred date range and entering EMS into the general search term and tags box.
The aetiology has been determined by Prof. Don Lightner, April/May 2013:
Lightner’s team found that EMS is caused by a unique strain of a relatively common bacterium, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, that is infected by a virus known as a phage, which causes it to release a potent toxin. The bacterium is transmitted orally, colonizes the shrimp gastrointestinal tract and then produces a toxin that causes tissue destruction and dysfunction of the hepatopancreas, the shrimp’s digestive organ.
Some countries have implemented policies that restrict the importation of frozen shrimp or other products from EMS-affected countries. Lightner said frozen shrimp likely pose a low risk for contamination of wild shrimp or the environment because EMS-infected shrimp are typically very small and do not enter international commerce. Also, his repeated attempts to transmit the disease using frozen tissue were unsuccessful.(reference nid:77100 see links below).
Forecast for EMS 12-06-2014 (working not shown)
EMS will be found in Indonesia in 2014 in the dry growing season July/Sept. YES/NO. Likelyhood estimate?
EMS will be found in India 2014 in the rainy growing season June/Sept. YES/NO. Likelyhood estimate?
EMS will be found in the Philippines by the end of 2014. YES/NO. Likelyhood estimate?
Forecast questions:
Is it only a matter of time before EMS becomes a major problem in Indonesia, Philippines or India?
SHRIMP NEWS INTERNATIONAL REPORT (See links) FEB 26 2012
“There are also unconfirmed reports of EMS in southern Thailand near the border with Malaysia and on the island of Sumatra in Indonesia, around Medan, which is across the Strait of Malacca from Malaysia.”
As of June 2014 reports of EMS in Indonesia remain unconfirmed.
How long will it take to make the crossing from Malaysia/Thailand to Indonesia/India or has EMS already arrived?
What would be the consequence of an EMS incursion in these countries?
What are your thoughts? Please comment.
Related Articles:
Farmers asked to stop breeding shrimp to stop disease
Vietnam Shrimp disease microsporidia or unidentified liver disease?
Microsporidiosis Shrimp South Vietnam
Vietnamese shrimp farmers suffer losses after disease spreads
Disease causes heavy losses for shrimp farmers Vietnam
Microsporidia infection in shrimp – Vietnam
Tenth meeting of the Asia Regional Advisory Group on Aquatic Animal Health
Mekong Delta: Aquaculture threatened by pesticides Vietnam
Kiểm soát chất lượng tôm giống để phát triển nuôi tôm bền vững [Vietnam Shrimp – status report]
Shrimp virus decimates Vietnam province | SpyHop – Orca Bay …
New diseases strike shrimp farms (Viet Nam) http://t.co/oic2qlrQ
Shrimp farms experience myterious mass die-offs (Vietnam)
11th Meeting of the Asia Regional Advisory Group on Aquatic …
Dr. Donald Lightner Thinks EMS Is Infectious [Shrimp News International]
NACA DISEASE ADVISORY Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Syndrome (AHPNS)
CP Foods Knows the Cause of EMS
EMS Transmitted by Live and Fresh Shrimp [Shrimp News International Reports]
China EMS update [Shrimp International Reports]
BFAR suspends indefinitely importation of live shrimps
Cause of shrimp disease identified [Intrafish reports]
Arizona��Dr. Lightner Finds the Cause of EMS [GAA & Shrimp International Reports]
Thailand Shrimp Farmers Ask for Government Aid [Shrimp International Reports]
First EMS-free cycle in shrimp with 1-monoglycerides
Mexico asked to lift ban on Vietnamese shrimps — TalkVietnam
Mexico’s ban on Vietnamese frozen shrimp imports is groundless …
Matt Briggs, EMS Likely to Spread
Shrimp farmers hoping Indian disease is not EMS | Undercurrent News
Government reactivates fresh shrimp exports to Mexico – FIS
Arizona—PCR Detection of Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease (AHPND/EMS) Available!!!
India Early Mortality Syndrome Confirmed
Should Shrimp Farmers Buy Seedstock from EMS Hot Zones?
Vietnam EMS—The Perfect Killer—A Webinar
EMS experts warn of risk of importing live shrimp | Undercurrent News
Mexico Silver Bullet Trials on EMS in Sinaloa
Controlling Bacteria with the Silver Bullet System [EMS]
New EMS Case Study to Define Best Practice to Avoid EMS
Thailand Daniel Gruenberg on EMS [Shrimp News Int]
Thailand Shrimp Prices Plunge [EMS]
Thailand – EMS Test Kits, Production Statistics and Processors
Tamil Nadu—Shrimp Disease Report [India]
India Correction—No EMS in Tamil Nadu
Belgium Researchers at Ghent University Propose New Management Techniques for EMS
Thai Union closes plant due to EMS-driven shrimp shortage – Undercurrent News
China Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Shrimp at Retail Markets
India Quotas on Shrimp Broodstock Hinder Production
GAA launches online EMS shrimp survey
India – Quota on Broodstock Imports Increased 50%
Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease Card (updated June 2014)
India It’s Official, No EMS/AHPND in India
Response to Paper that Says There’s No EMS in India
ACUTE HEPATOPANCREATIC NECROSIS DISEASE – OIE disease card
INDIA Government order to prevent the spread of EMS
Sonora—EMS Still a Huge Problem
Indonesia ban shrimp imports – EMS
Peru suspends shrimp imports over EMS risk
Aquaculture Authority Failure to Issue Licences Leaves Shrimp Farmers Operating Illegally
India Research—Whitespot and Vibrio
Treat disease in shrimp aquaculture congress – NewsHub
How a Bacterial Disease is Killing Shrimp in Asia — Graphic – WSJ
Bangkok Post: Business channel
New technology proves effective for EMS-hit shrimp farmer – FIS
Thailand – LAMP Assay Superior to PCR in Detecting AHPND (EMS)
ShrimpEMS -First in Seafood News – Intrafish.com
EMS – Thai government forecasts 400000t as possible 2015 shrimp production – Undercurrent News
Ecuador rules out presence of EMS in its shrimp farms -First in Seafood News – Intrafish.com
Shrimps die en masse in Soc Trang – Related news – 7/6/2015 – VietnamNet English
Extension to Oyster Herpesvirus confirmed designation in Kent – Press releases – GOV.UK
Reports: Protests as Thai exporter forced to close doors
Hepatopancreatitis Reported on Australian Prawn Farm
‘Deadliest’ shrimp disease raises fear – Sun.Star
Prawn sector reels from diseases, lack of growers
Necrotising Hepatopancreatitis Outbreak Reported in Belize
Marine Gold reaping benefits of 2013 losses as shrimp production rebounds
FAO Second International Technical Workshop on Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND)
FIS – Worldnews – Probiotics benefit Pacific white shrimp challenged with AHPND
Farmed shrimp sector looks for consensus on ways to battle EMS – Undercurrent News
Raising shrimp with tilapia may help reduce EMS, expert says
CIAD scientists isolate causal agent AHPND in shrimp in Mexico